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POLICY AND ECONOMIC REPORT
OIL & GAS MARKET

Complementing these efforts, joint naval exercises have strengthened maritime security cooperation,
including in the Indian Ocean in June 2025, the Gulf of Guinea in October 2023, and the Gulf of Aden in
June 2021, alongside collaborative escort operations for humanitarian assistance near Somalia in 2018
and 2019.

Clean Energy and Climate

At the centre of India–EU energy and climate engagement is the Clean Energy and Climate Partnership
(CECP), established in 2016, with Phase III adopted in November 2024, reflecting the growing scope of
bilateral cooperation. The EU has been a partner of the International Solar Alliance since 2018, supporting
solar energy deployment, while the European Investment Bank finances sustainable transport and urban
mobility projects, including urban rail and metro systems in select Indian cities.

India-EU Cooperation also covers offshore wind energy, gas infrastructure development, methane
emissions reduction, investments, and technology transfer, and the EU’s joining of the Coalition for
Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) in March 2021 underscores shared priorities on climate-resilient
infrastructure. In advanced scientific domains, India and the EU signed an R&D agreement on peaceful
uses of nuclear energy with EURATOM in July 2020, and India has been an associate member of CERN
since 2017.

Connectivity

India–EU Connectivity Partnership (2021) - Launched in 2021, the India–EU Connectivity Partnership
seeks to strengthen cooperation across transport, digital infrastructure, and energy networks, while
facilitating the seamless movement of people, goods, services, data, and capital.

Trilateral Development Cooperation (June 2025) - In June 2025, India and the European Union agreed on
an administrative arrangement to advance trilateral development cooperation, enabling joint
implementation of development projects in third countries.

India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) (September 2023) - On the margins of the G20
Leaders’ Summit held in New Delhi in September 2023, leaders from India, the European Union, France,
Germany, Italy, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and the United States announced a Memorandum of
Understanding to collaborate on the development of the India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor
(IMEC).

India-EU Space Cooperation

In February 2025, the EU Commissioner for Defence and Space met the Minister of State for Science and
Technology in New Delhi to discuss avenues for enhanced cooperation. This was followed by the inaugural
India–EU Space Dialogue, held in Brussels in November 2025, providing a dedicated platform for
structured engagement. Additionally, in May 2025, ISRO and ESA signed a Joint Statement of Intent on
Cooperation for human space exploration, marking an expansion of collaboration into future-oriented
space domains.

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